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static char *
ngx_http_core_listen(ngx_conf_t *cf, ngx_command_t *cmd, void *conf)
{ngx_http_core_srv_conf_t *cscf = conf;ngx_str_t              *value, size;ngx_url_t               u;ngx_uint_t              n, i;ngx_http_listen_opt_t   lsopt;cscf->listen = 1;value = cf->args->elts;ngx_memzero(&u, sizeof(ngx_url_t));u.url = value[1];u.listen = 1;u.default_port = 80;if (ngx_parse_url(cf->pool, &u) != NGX_OK) {if (u.err) {ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"%s in \"%V\" of the \"listen\" directive",u.err, &u.url);}return NGX_CONF_ERROR;}ngx_memzero(&lsopt, sizeof(ngx_http_listen_opt_t));lsopt.backlog = NGX_LISTEN_BACKLOG;lsopt.rcvbuf = -1;lsopt.sndbuf = -1;
#if (NGX_HAVE_SETFIB)lsopt.setfib = -1;
#endif
#if (NGX_HAVE_TCP_FASTOPEN)lsopt.fastopen = -1;
#endif
#if (NGX_HAVE_INET6)lsopt.ipv6only = 1;
#endiffor (n = 2; n < cf->args->nelts; n++) {if (ngx_strcmp(value[n].data, "default_server") == 0|| ngx_strcmp(value[n].data, "default") == 0){lsopt.default_server = 1;continue;}if (ngx_strcmp(value[n].data, "bind") == 0) {lsopt.set = 1;lsopt.bind = 1;continue;}#if (NGX_HAVE_SETFIB)if (ngx_strncmp(value[n].data, "setfib=", 7) == 0) {lsopt.setfib = ngx_atoi(value[n].data + 7, value[n].len - 7);lsopt.set = 1;lsopt.bind = 1;if (lsopt.setfib == NGX_ERROR) {ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"invalid setfib \"%V\"", &value[n]);return NGX_CONF_ERROR;}continue;}
#endif#if (NGX_HAVE_TCP_FASTOPEN)if (ngx_strncmp(value[n].data, "fastopen=", 9) == 0) {lsopt.fastopen = ngx_atoi(value[n].data + 9, value[n].len - 9);lsopt.set = 1;lsopt.bind = 1;if (lsopt.fastopen == NGX_ERROR) {ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"invalid fastopen \"%V\"", &value[n]);return NGX_CONF_ERROR;}continue;}
#endifif (ngx_strncmp(value[n].data, "backlog=", 8) == 0) {lsopt.backlog = ngx_atoi(value[n].data + 8, value[n].len - 8);lsopt.set = 1;lsopt.bind = 1;if (lsopt.backlog == NGX_ERROR || lsopt.backlog == 0) {ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"invalid backlog \"%V\"", &value[n]);return NGX_CONF_ERROR;}continue;}if (ngx_strncmp(value[n].data, "rcvbuf=", 7) == 0) {size.len = value[n].len - 7;size.data = value[n].data + 7;lsopt.rcvbuf = ngx_parse_size(&size);lsopt.set = 1;lsopt.bind = 1;if (lsopt.rcvbuf == NGX_ERROR) {ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"invalid rcvbuf \"%V\"", &value[n]);return NGX_CONF_ERROR;}continue;}if (ngx_strncmp(value[n].data, "sndbuf=", 7) == 0) {size.len = value[n].len - 7;size.data = value[n].data + 7;lsopt.sndbuf = ngx_parse_size(&size);lsopt.set = 1;lsopt.bind = 1;if (lsopt.sndbuf == NGX_ERROR) {ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"invalid sndbuf \"%V\"", &value[n]);return NGX_CONF_ERROR;}continue;}if (ngx_strncmp(value[n].data, "accept_filter=", 14) == 0) {
#if (NGX_HAVE_DEFERRED_ACCEPT && defined SO_ACCEPTFILTER)lsopt.accept_filter = (char *) &value[n].data[14];lsopt.set = 1;lsopt.bind = 1;
#elsengx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"accept filters \"%V\" are not supported ""on this platform, ignored",&value[n]);
#endifcontinue;}if (ngx_strcmp(value[n].data, "deferred") == 0) {
#if (NGX_HAVE_DEFERRED_ACCEPT && defined TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT)lsopt.deferred_accept = 1;lsopt.set = 1;lsopt.bind = 1;
#elsengx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"the deferred accept is not supported ""on this platform, ignored");
#endifcontinue;}if (ngx_strncmp(value[n].data, "ipv6only=o", 10) == 0) {
#if (NGX_HAVE_INET6 && defined IPV6_V6ONLY)if (ngx_strcmp(&value[n].data[10], "n") == 0) {lsopt.ipv6only = 1;} else if (ngx_strcmp(&value[n].data[10], "ff") == 0) {lsopt.ipv6only = 0;} else {ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"invalid ipv6only flags \"%s\"",&value[n].data[9]);return NGX_CONF_ERROR;}lsopt.set = 1;lsopt.bind = 1;continue;
#elsengx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"ipv6only is not supported ""on this platform");return NGX_CONF_ERROR;
#endif}if (ngx_strcmp(value[n].data, "reuseport") == 0) {
#if (NGX_HAVE_REUSEPORT)lsopt.reuseport = 1;lsopt.set = 1;lsopt.bind = 1;
#elsengx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"reuseport is not supported ""on this platform, ignored");
#endifcontinue;}if (ngx_strcmp(value[n].data, "ssl") == 0) {
#if (NGX_HTTP_SSL)lsopt.ssl = 1;continue;
#elsengx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"the \"ssl\" parameter requires ""ngx_http_ssl_module");return NGX_CONF_ERROR;
#endif}if (ngx_strcmp(value[n].data, "http2") == 0) {
#if (NGX_HTTP_V2)lsopt.http2 = 1;continue;
#elsengx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"the \"http2\" parameter requires ""ngx_http_v2_module");return NGX_CONF_ERROR;
#endif}if (ngx_strncmp(value[n].data, "so_keepalive=", 13) == 0) {if (ngx_strcmp(&value[n].data[13], "on") == 0) {lsopt.so_keepalive = 1;} else if (ngx_strcmp(&value[n].data[13], "off") == 0) {lsopt.so_keepalive = 2;} else {#if (NGX_HAVE_KEEPALIVE_TUNABLE)u_char     *p, *end;ngx_str_t   s;end = value[n].data + value[n].len;s.data = value[n].data + 13;p = ngx_strlchr(s.data, end, ':');if (p == NULL) {p = end;}if (p > s.data) {s.len = p - s.data;lsopt.tcp_keepidle = ngx_parse_time(&s, 1);if (lsopt.tcp_keepidle == (time_t) NGX_ERROR) {goto invalid_so_keepalive;}}s.data = (p < end) ? (p + 1) : end;p = ngx_strlchr(s.data, end, ':');if (p == NULL) {p = end;}if (p > s.data) {s.len = p - s.data;lsopt.tcp_keepintvl = ngx_parse_time(&s, 1);if (lsopt.tcp_keepintvl == (time_t) NGX_ERROR) {goto invalid_so_keepalive;}}s.data = (p < end) ? (p + 1) : end;if (s.data < end) {s.len = end - s.data;lsopt.tcp_keepcnt = ngx_atoi(s.data, s.len);if (lsopt.tcp_keepcnt == NGX_ERROR) {goto invalid_so_keepalive;}}if (lsopt.tcp_keepidle == 0 && lsopt.tcp_keepintvl == 0&& lsopt.tcp_keepcnt == 0){goto invalid_so_keepalive;}lsopt.so_keepalive = 1;#elsengx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"the \"so_keepalive\" parameter accepts ""only \"on\" or \"off\" on this platform");return NGX_CONF_ERROR;#endif}lsopt.set = 1;lsopt.bind = 1;continue;#if (NGX_HAVE_KEEPALIVE_TUNABLE)invalid_so_keepalive:ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"invalid so_keepalive value: \"%s\"",&value[n].data[13]);return NGX_CONF_ERROR;
#endif}if (ngx_strcmp(value[n].data, "proxy_protocol") == 0) {lsopt.proxy_protocol = 1;continue;}ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"invalid parameter \"%V\"", &value[n]);return NGX_CONF_ERROR;}for (n = 0; n < u.naddrs; n++) {for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {if (ngx_cmp_sockaddr(u.addrs[n].sockaddr, u.addrs[n].socklen,u.addrs[i].sockaddr, u.addrs[i].socklen, 1)== NGX_OK){goto next;}}lsopt.sockaddr = u.addrs[n].sockaddr;lsopt.socklen = u.addrs[n].socklen;lsopt.addr_text = u.addrs[n].name;lsopt.wildcard = ngx_inet_wildcard(lsopt.sockaddr);if (ngx_http_add_listen(cf, cscf, &lsopt) != NGX_OK) {return NGX_CONF_ERROR;}next:continue;}return NGX_CONF_OK;
}

ngx_http_core_listen 函数是 Nginx 核心模块中用于解析和处理 HTTP 服务器配置块中 listen 指令的关键函数

---

 

    cscf->listen = 1;

标记当前服务器配置块（server块）已配置 listen 指令 

ngx_http_core_srv_conf_t-CSDN博客

value = cf->args->elts;

获取当前配置指令（listen）的参数列表 

ngx_memzero(&u, sizeof(ngx_url_t));

初始化 ngx_url_t 结构体 u，清空其内存

ngx_url_t-CSDN博客

 

    u.url = value[1];u.listen = 1;u.default_port = 80;

将用户配置的监听地址赋值给 ngx_url_t 结构体的 url 字段

标记当前 URL 是用于监听套接字（而非普通 URL）

设置监听地址的默认端口为 80

此时

value[1].data=80

    if (ngx_parse_url(cf->pool, &u) != NGX_OK) {if (u.err) {ngx_conf_log_error(NGX_LOG_EMERG, cf, 0,"%s in \"%V\" of the \"listen\" directive",u.err, &u.url);}return NGX_CONF_ERROR;}

调用 ngx_parse_url 解析用户配置的监听地址（如 127.0.0.1:8080），并检查是否成功

 

---

ngx_parse_url

ngx_parse_url-CSDN博客

---

ngx_memzero(&lsopt, sizeof(ngx_http_listen_opt_t));

将 ngx_http_listen_opt_t 类型的变量 lsopt 的内存空间全部置零，确保所有字段初始值为 0

ngx_http_listen_opt_t-CSDN博客

lsopt.backlog = NGX_LISTEN_BACKLOG;

为监听套接字的 backlog 参数赋初始值，控制内核维护的未完成连接队列 和已完成连接队列 的总长度 

NGX_LISTEN_BACKLOG=511

lsopt.rcvbuf = -1;

 将接收缓冲区大小（SO_RCVBUF）初始化为 -1 ，表示用户未在 listen 指令中显式设置该参数

lsopt.sndbuf = -1;

将套接字的发送缓冲区大小（SO_SNDBUF）初始化为 -1 ，表示用户未在 listen 指令中显式设置该参数 

lsopt.fastopen = -1;

 将 fastopen 字段初始化为 -1 ，表示用户未在 listen 指令中显式设置该参数

在 Nginx 源码中，fastopen 字段用于控制 TCP Fast Open（TFO） 功能的启用和队列长度设置，其意义和逻辑如下：

1. 启用 TCP Fast Open
   允许在 TCP 三次握手期间携带数据（减少 1 个 RTT 的延迟），提升短连接场景（如 HTTP 请求）的性能。

2. 控制 TFO 队列长度
   设置内核为 TFO 连接维护的队列长度（即同时处理的 TFO 连接数），防止 SYN 队列过载。

lsopt.ipv6only = 1;

 设置监听套接字的 IPV6_V6ONLY 选项，决定是否允许 IPv4 映射地址（IPv4-mapped IPv6 addresses）通过 IPv6 套接字接收连接

    for (n = 2; n < cf->args->nelts; n++) {

 处理 listen 指令的其他参数

此时 cf->args->nelts=2，  listen 指令没有其他参数

   for (n = 0; n < u.naddrs; n++) {for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {if (ngx_cmp_sockaddr(u.addrs[n].sockaddr, u.addrs[n].socklen,u.addrs[i].sockaddr, u.addrs[i].socklen, 1)== NGX_OK){goto next;}}

遍历解析后的地址列表

检查地址是否重复

此时 u.naddrs=1

        lsopt.sockaddr = u.addrs[n].sockaddr;lsopt.socklen = u.addrs[n].socklen;lsopt.addr_text = u.addrs[n].name;lsopt.wildcard = ngx_inet_wildcard(lsopt.sockaddr);

 将通过 ngx_parse_url() 解析得到的网络地址信息（如 sockaddr、地址文本）存储到 ngx_http_listen_opt_t 结构体，供后续套接字绑定和日志记录使用。

lsopt.wildcard = ngx_inet_wildcard(lsopt.sockaddr); 检查地址是否为通配符（0.0.0.0 或 ::）

此时 lsopt.wildcard=1

 

        if (ngx_http_add_listen(cf, cscf, &lsopt) != NGX_OK) {return NGX_CONF_ERROR;}

ngx_http_add_listen-CSDN博客

return NGX_CONF_OK;